Michigan e-bike regulations

Michigan defines and regulates electric bicycles under the Michigan Vehicle Code (Act 300 of 1949), using a three-class system. E-bikes are generally treated like conventional bicycles, not motor vehicles, and are allowed on roads and many trails; Class 3 riders under 18 must wear a helmet. In 2024 the DNR expanded e-bike access on state-managed trails.

Overview

Michigan regulates electric bicycles under its state vehicle code. Statewide statutes below set the baseline for every county, city and school district in Michigan. Local governments may adopt stricter rules for trails, sidewalks, beaches and campus property.

What riders should know

  • Confirm your bike's class (1, 2 or 3) — most rules key off class.
  • Helmet and minimum age rules often differ by class and by locality.
  • Trail, path and sidewalk access is frequently set at the county or city level.

Michigan statutes

  • Electric bicycle defined

    MCL 257.13e

    Defines 'electric bicycle' and establishes the Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 categories based on motor assistance type and top assisted speed (750-watt motor limit).

    Michigan Legislature
  • Electric bicycle; rights, labeling, operation on highways and trails

    MCL 257.662a

    Establishes that e-bike riders have the rights and duties of bicyclists, requires manufacturer classification labels, prohibits tampering with the motor or labeling, restricts Class 3 e-bikes to riders 14 and older, and addresses where each class may be operated.

    Michigan Legislature
  • Crash helmet required for low-speed vehicle operators

    MCL 257.658b

    Requires operators and riders of low-speed vehicles to wear a crash helmet meeting Michigan State Police standards, with statutory exceptions.

    Michigan Legislature
  • Riding on seat of bicycle, motorcycle, moped or similar device; helmet requirements

    MCL 257.658

    Governs proper seating and riding position on bicycles and similar devices and sets helmet requirements for certain riders and device types.

    Michigan Legislature
  • Operating and maintaining state trails; electric bicycle operation requirements

    MCL 324.72105

    Authorizes the DNR to operate and maintain trails on state land and sets requirements and exceptions for electric bicycle operation on those trails.

    Michigan Legislature
  • DNR Land Use Order expanding e-bike access on state trails

    DNR Director's Land Use Order Amendment, Aug. 2024

    DNR policy change effective August 8, 2024 expanding allowable e-bike operation to additional state-managed trail types beyond previously improved-surface trails and roads.

    Michigan DNR

Michigan government links

Last verified 2026-09-07

Michigan meeting calendar (state, county & city)

No scheduled meetings recorded yet.

Michigan meetings on e-bikes

No e-bike meetings recorded for this area yet.

Federal delegation

State officials

  • Gretchen Whitmer

    Governor of Michigan • Democratic

  • Bradley C. Wieferich, P.E.

    Director, Michigan Department of Transportation

  • Erika Geiss

    Chair, Senate Transportation and Infrastructure Committee • Democratic

  • Pat Outman

    Chair, House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee • Republican

Counties (83)